Changes between Version 3 and Version 4 of TracInstall


Ignore:
Timestamp:
2015-03-21T12:46:07Z (9 years ago)
Author:
trac
Comment:

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  • TracInstall

    v3 v4  
    1 = Trac Installation Guide for 0.12 =
     1= Trac Installation Guide for 1.0
    22[[TracGuideToc]]
    33
    44Trac is written in the Python programming language and needs a database, [http://sqlite.org/ SQLite], [http://www.postgresql.org/ PostgreSQL], or [http://mysql.com/ MySQL]. For HTML rendering, Trac uses the [http://genshi.edgewall.org Genshi] templating system.
    55
    6 Since version 0.12, Trac can also be localized, and there's probably a translation available for your language. If you want to be able to use the Trac interface in other languages, then make sure you **first** have installed the optional package [#OtherPythonPackages Babel]. Lacking Babel, you will only get the default english version, as usual. If you install Babel later on, you will need to re-install Trac.
    7 
    8 If you're interested in contributing new translations for other languages or enhance the existing translations, then please have a look at [trac:wiki:TracL10N TracL10N].
    9 
    10 What follows are generic instructions for installing and setting up Trac and its requirements. While you may find instructions for installing Trac on specific systems at TracInstallPlatforms on the main Trac site, please be sure to '''first read through these general instructions''' to get a good understanding of the tasks involved.
     6Since version 0.12, Trac can also be localized, and there is probably a translation available in your language. If you want to use the Trac interface in other languages, then make sure you have installed the optional package [#OtherPythonPackages Babel]. Pay attention to the extra steps for localization support in the [#InstallingTrac Installing Trac] section below. Lacking Babel, you will only get the default English version.
     7
     8If you're interested in contributing new translations for other languages or enhancing the existing translations, then please have a look at [trac:wiki:TracL10N TracL10N].
     9
     10What follows are generic instructions for installing and setting up Trac. While you may find instructions for installing Trac on specific systems at [trac:TracInstallPlatforms TracInstallPlatforms] on the main Trac site, please '''first read through these general instructions''' to get a good understanding of the tasks involved.
    1111
    1212[[PageOutline(2-3,Installation Steps,inline)]]
    1313
    14 == Dependencies ==
     14== Dependencies
    1515=== Mandatory Dependencies
    1616To install Trac, the following software packages must be installed:
    1717
    18  * [http://www.python.org/ Python], version >= 2.4 and < 3.0
    19    (note that we dropped the support for Python 2.3 in this release)
    20  * [http://peak.telecommunity.com/DevCenter/setuptools setuptools], version >= 0.6
     18 * [http://www.python.org/ Python], version >= 2.5 and < 3.0
     19   (note that we dropped the support for Python 2.4 in this release)
     20 * [http://pypi.python.org/pypi/setuptools setuptools], version >= 0.6
    2121 * [http://genshi.edgewall.org/wiki/Download Genshi], version >= 0.6
    2222
    23 You also need a database system and the corresponding python bindings.
    24 The database can be either SQLite, PostgreSQL or MySQL.
     23You also need a database system and the corresponding python bindings. The database can be either SQLite, PostgreSQL or MySQL.
    2524
    2625==== For the SQLite database #ForSQLite
    2726
    28 If you're using Python 2.5 or 2.6, you already have everything you need.
    29 
    30 If you're using Python 2.4 and need pysqlite, you can download from
    31 [http://code.google.com/p/pysqlite/downloads/list google code] the Windows installers or the tar.gz archive for building from source:
    32 {{{
    33 $ tar xvfz <version>.tar.gz
    34 $ cd <version>
    35 $ python setup.py build_static install
    36 }}}
    37  
    38 This will extract the SQLite code and build the bindings.
    39 
    40 To install SQLite, your system may require the development headers. Without these you will get various GCC related errors when attempting to build:
    41 
    42 {{{
    43 $ apt-get install libsqlite3-dev
    44 }}}
    45 
    46 SQLite 2.x is no longer supported, and neither is !PySqlite 1.1.x.
    47 
    48 A known bug !PySqlite versions 2.5.2-4 prohibits upgrade of trac databases
    49 from 0.11.x to 0.12. Please use versions 2.5.5 and newer or 2.5.1 and
    50 older. See [trac:#9434] for more detail.
    51 
    52 See additional information in [trac:PySqlite].
     27As you must be using Python 2.5, 2.6 or 2.7, you already have the SQLite database bindings bundled with the standard distribution of Python: the `sqlite3` module.
     28
     29Optionally, you may install a newer version of [pypi:pysqlite pysqlite] than the one provided by the Python distribution. See [trac:PySqlite#ThePysqlite2bindings PySqlite] for details.
    5330
    5431==== For the PostgreSQL database #ForPostgreSQL
     
    5633You need to install the database and its Python bindings:
    5734 * [http://www.postgresql.org/ PostgreSQL], version 8.0 or later
    58  * [http://pypi.python.org/pypi/psycopg2 psycopg2]
     35 * [http://pypi.python.org/pypi/psycopg2 psycopg2], version 2.0 or later
    5936
    6037See [trac:DatabaseBackend#Postgresql DatabaseBackend] for details.
    6138
    62 
    6339==== For the MySQL database #ForMySQL
    6440
    65 Trac can now work quite well with MySQL, provided you follow the guidelines.
     41Trac works well with MySQL, provided you follow the guidelines:
    6642
    6743 * [http://mysql.com/ MySQL], version 5.0 or later
    6844 * [http://sf.net/projects/mysql-python MySQLdb], version 1.2.2 or later
    6945
    70 It is '''very''' important to read carefully the [trac:MySqlDb] page before creating the database.
     46Given the caveats and known issues surrounding MySQL, read carefully the [trac:MySqlDb] page before creating the database.
    7147
    7248=== Optional Dependencies
    7349
    74 ==== Version Control System ====
    75 
    76 ===== Subversion =====
    77  * [http://subversion.apache.org/ Subversion], 1.5.x or 1.6.x and the '''''corresponding''''' Python bindings. Older versions starting from 1.4.0, etc. should still work. For troubleshooting information, check the [trac:TracSubversion#Troubleshooting TracSubversion] page. Versions prior to 1.4.0 won't probably work since trac uses svn core functionality (e.g. svn_path_canonicalize) that is not implemented in the python swig wrapper in svn <= 1.3.x (although it exists in the svn lib itself).
    78 
    79 There are [http://subversion.apache.org/packages.html pre-compiled SWIG bindings] available for various platforms. (Good luck finding precompiled SWIG bindings for any Windows package at that listing. TracSubversion points you to [http://alagazam.net Algazam], which works for me under Python 2.6.)
    80 
    81 Note that Trac '''doesn't''' use [http://pysvn.tigris.org/ PySVN], neither does it work yet with the newer `ctype`-style bindings. [Is there a ticket for implementing ctype bindings?]
    82 
     50==== Version Control System
     51
     52===== Subversion
     53 * [http://subversion.apache.org/ Subversion], 1.5.x or later and the '''''corresponding''''' Python bindings. Older versions starting from 1.0, like 1.2.4, 1.3.2 or 1.4.2, etc. may still work. For troubleshooting information, check the [trac:TracSubversion#Troubleshooting TracSubversion] page.
     54
     55There are [http://subversion.apache.org/packages.html pre-compiled SWIG bindings] available for various platforms. (Good luck finding precompiled SWIG bindings for any Windows package at that listing. [trac:TracSubversion] points you to [http://alagazam.net Alagazam], which works for me under Python 2.6.)
     56
     57Note that Trac '''doesn't''' use [http://pysvn.tigris.org/ PySVN], neither does it work yet with the newer `ctype`-style bindings.
    8358
    8459'''Please note:''' if using Subversion, Trac must be installed on the '''same machine'''. Remote repositories are currently [trac:ticket:493 not supported].
    8560
    86 
    87 ===== Others =====
    88 
    89 Support for other version control systems is provided via third-parties. See [trac:PluginList] and [trac:VersioningSystemBackend].
    90 
    91 ==== Web Server ====
    92 A web server is optional because Trac is shipped with a server included, see the [#RunningtheStandaloneServer Running the Standalone Server ] section below.
    93 
    94 Alternatively you configure Trac to run in any of the following environments.
     61===== Git
     62 * [http://git-scm.com/ Git] 1.5.6 or later.
     63
     64More information is available on the [trac:TracGit] page.
     65
     66===== Others
     67
     68Support for other version control systems is provided via third-parties. See [trac:PluginList#VersionControlSystems] and [trac:VersionControlSystem].
     69
     70==== Web Server
     71A web server is optional because Trac is shipped with a server included, see the [#RunningtheStandaloneServer Running the Standalone Server] section below.
     72
     73Alternatively you can configure Trac to run in any of the following environments:
    9574 * [http://httpd.apache.org/ Apache] with
    9675   - [http://code.google.com/p/modwsgi/ mod_wsgi], see [wiki:TracModWSGI] and
    9776     http://code.google.com/p/modwsgi/wiki/IntegrationWithTrac
    98    - [http://modpython.org/ mod_python 3.3.1], deprecated: see TracModPython)
     77   - [http://modpython.org/ mod_python 3.5.0], see TracModPython
    9978 * a [http://www.fastcgi.com/ FastCGI]-capable web server (see TracFastCgi)
    10079 * an [http://tomcat.apache.org/connectors-doc/ajp/ajpv13a.html AJP]-capable web
    101    server (see [trac:TracOnWindowsIisAjp])
     80   server (see [trac:TracOnWindowsIisAjp TracOnWindowsIisAjp])
     81 * a FastCGI and FastCGI-to-WSGI gateway (see [trac:TracOnWindowsIisWfastcgi])
    10282 * a CGI-capable web server (see TracCgi), '''but usage of Trac as a cgi script
    10383   is highly discouraged''', better use one of the previous options.
    10484   
    10585
    106 ==== Other Python Packages ====
     86==== Other Python Packages
    10787
    10888 * [http://babel.edgewall.org Babel], version >= 0.9.5,
    109    needed for localization support[[BR]]
    110    ''Note: '' If you want to be able to use the Trac interface in other languages, then make sure you first have installed the optional package Babel. Lacking Babel, you will only get the default english version, as usual. If you install Babel later on, you will need to re-install Trac.
     89   needed for localization support (unreleased version 1.0dev should work as well)
    11190 * [http://docutils.sourceforge.net/ docutils], version >= 0.3.9
    11291   for WikiRestructuredText.
    113  * [http://pygments.pocoo.org Pygments] for
    114    [wiki:TracSyntaxColoring syntax highlighting].
     92 * [http://pygments.org Pygments] for
     93   [TracSyntaxColoring syntax highlighting].
    11594   [http://silvercity.sourceforge.net/ SilverCity] and/or
    11695   [http://gnu.org/software/enscript/enscript.html Enscript] may still be used
     
    12099   an internal time zone implementation.
    121100
    122 '''Attention''': The various available versions of these dependencies are not necessarily interchangable, so please pay attention to the version numbers above. If you are having trouble getting Trac to work please double-check all the dependencies before asking for help on the [trac:MailingList] or [trac:IrcChannel].
    123 
    124 Please refer to the documentation of these packages to find out how they are best installed. In addition, most of the [trac:TracInstallPlatforms platform-specific instructions] also describe the installation of the dependencies. Keep in mind however that the information there ''probably concern older versions of Trac than the one you're installing'' (there are even some pages that are still talking about Trac 0.8!).
    125 
    126 
    127 == Installing Trac ==
     101{{{#!div style="border: 1pt dotted; margin: 1em"
     102**Attention**: The available versions of these dependencies are not necessarily interchangeable, so please pay attention to the version numbers. If you are having trouble getting Trac to work, please double-check all the dependencies before asking for help on the [trac:MailingList] or [trac:IrcChannel].
     103}}}
     104
     105Please refer to the documentation of these packages to find out how they are best installed. In addition, most of the [trac:TracInstallPlatforms platform-specific instructions] also describe the installation of the dependencies. Keep in mind however that the information there ''probably concern older versions of Trac than the one you're installing''.
     106
     107== Installing Trac
     108
     109The [TracAdmin trac-admin] command-line tool, used to create and maintain [TracEnvironment project environments], as well as the [TracStandalone tracd] standalone server are installed along with Trac. There are several methods for installing Trac.
     110
    128111=== Using `easy_install`
    129 One way to install Trac is using [http://pypi.python.org/pypi/setuptools setuptools].
    130 With setuptools you can install Trac from the subversion repository;
     112Trac can be installed from PyPI or the Subversion repository using [http://pypi.python.org/pypi/setuptools setuptools].
    131113
    132114A few examples:
    133115
    134  - first install of the latest stable version Trac 0.12.1, with i18n support:
    135    {{{
    136    easy_install Babel==0.9.5 Genshi==0.6
    137    easy_install Trac
     116 - Install Trac 1.0:
     117   {{{#!sh
     118   easy_install Trac==1.0
    138119   }}}
    139    ''It's very important to run the two `easy_install` commands separately, otherwise the message catalogs won't be generated.''
    140 
    141  - upgrade to the latest stable version of Trac:
    142    {{{
    143    easy_install -U Trac
     120 - Install latest development version:
     121   {{{#!sh
     122   easy_install Trac==dev
    144123   }}}
    145 
    146  - upgrade to the latest trunk development version (0.13dev):
    147    {{{
    148    easy_install -U Trac==dev
    149    }}}
    150 
    151 For upgrades, reading the TracUpgrade page is mandatory, of course.
    152 
    153 === From source
    154 If you want more control, you can download the source in archive form, or do a checkout from one of the official [[Trac:TracRepositories|source code repositories]].
    155 
    156 Be sure to have the prerequisites already installed. You can also obtain the Genshi and Babel source packages from http://www.edgewall.org and follow for them a similar installation procedure, or you can just easy_install those, see [#Usingeasy_install above].
    157 
    158 Once you've unpacked the Trac archive or performed the checkout, move in the top-level folder and do:
    159 {{{
    160 $ python ./setup.py install
    161 }}}
    162 
    163 ''You'll need root permissions or equivalent for this step.''
    164 
    165 This will byte-compile the python source code and install it as an .egg file or folder in the `site-packages` directory
    166 of your Python installation. The .egg will also contain all other resources needed by standard Trac, such as htdocs and templates.
    167 
    168 The script will also install the [wiki:TracAdmin trac-admin] command-line tool, used to create and maintain [wiki:TracEnvironment project environments], as well as the [wiki:TracStandalone tracd] standalone server.
    169 
    170 If you install from source and want to make Trac available in other languages, make sure  Babel is installed. Only then, perform the `install` (or simply redo the `install` once again afterwards if you realize Babel was not yet installed):
    171 {{{
    172 $ python ./setup.py install
    173 }}}
    174 Alternatively, you can do a `bdist_egg` and copy the .egg from dist/ to the place of your choice, or you can create a Windows installer (`bdist_wininst`).
    175 
    176 === Advanced Options ===
    177 
    178 To install Trac to a custom location, or find out about other advanced installation options, run:
    179 {{{
    180 easy_install --help
    181 }}}
    182 
    183 Also see [http://docs.python.org/inst/inst.html Installing Python Modules] for detailed information.
    184 
    185 Specifically, you might be interested in:
    186 {{{
    187 easy_install --prefix=/path/to/installdir
    188 }}}
    189 or, if installing Trac to a Mac OS X system:
    190 {{{
    191 easy_install --prefix=/usr/local --install-dir=/Library/Python/2.5/site-packages
    192 }}}
    193 Note: If installing on Mac OS X 10.6 running {{{ easy_install http://svn.edgewall.org/repos/trac/trunk }}} will install into {{{ /usr/local }}} and {{{ /Library/Python/2.6/site-packages }}} by default
    194 
    195 The above will place your `tracd` and `trac-admin` commands into `/usr/local/bin` and will install the Trac libraries and dependencies into `/Library/Python/2.5/site-packages`, which is Apple's preferred location for third-party Python application installations.
     124   Note that in this case you won't have the possibility to run a localized version of Trac;
     125   either use a released version or install from source
     126
     127More information can be found on the [trac:setuptools] page.
     128
     129{{{#!div style="border: 1pt dotted; margin: 1em"
     130**Setuptools Warning:** If the version of your setuptools is in the range 5.4 through 5.6, the environment variable `PKG_RESOURCES_CACHE_ZIP_MANIFESTS` must be set in order to avoid significant performance degradation. More information may be found in the sections on [#RunningtheStandaloneServer Running The Standalone Server] and [#RunningTraconaWebServer Running Trac on a Web Server].
     131}}}
    196132
    197133=== Using `pip`
    198134'pip' is an easy_install replacement that is very useful to quickly install python packages.
    199 To get a trac installation up and running in less than 5 minutes:
    200 
    201 Assuming you want to have your entire pip installation in /opt/user/trac:
     135To get a Trac installation up and running in less than 5 minutes:
     136
     137Assuming you want to have your entire pip installation in `/opt/user/trac`
    202138
    203139 -
    204 {{{
    205 pip -E /opt/user/trac install trac psycopg2
     140 {{{#!sh
     141pip install trac psycopg2
    206142}}}
    207143or
    208144 -
    209 {{{
    210 pip -E /opt/user/trac install trac mysql-python
    211 }}}
    212 
    213 Make sure your OS specific headers are available for pip to automatically build PostgreSQL (libpq-dev) or MySQL (libmysqlclient-dev) bindings.
    214 
    215 pip will automatically resolve all dependencies (like Genshi, pygments, etc.) and download the latest packages on pypi.python.org and create a self contained installation in /opt/user/trac .
    216 
    217 All commands (tracd, trac-admin) are available in /opt/user/trac/bin. This can also be leveraged for mod_python (using !PythonHandler directive) and mod_wsgi (using WSGIDaemonProcess directive)
    218 
    219 Additionally, you can install several trac plugins (listed [http://pypi.python.org/pypi?:action=search&term=trac&submit=search here]) through pip.
    220 
    221 
    222 
    223 == Creating a Project Environment ==
    224 
    225 A [TracEnvironment Trac environment] is the backend storage where Trac stores information like wiki pages, tickets, reports, settings, etc. An environment is basically a directory that contains a human-readable [TracIni configuration file], and various other files and directories.
    226 
    227 A new environment is created using [wiki:TracAdmin trac-admin]:
    228 {{{
     145 {{{#!sh
     146pip install trac mysql-python
     147}}}
     148
     149Make sure your OS specific headers are available for pip to automatically build PostgreSQL (`libpq-dev`) or MySQL (`libmysqlclient-dev`) bindings.
     150
     151pip will automatically resolve all dependencies (like Genshi, pygments, etc.), download the latest packages from pypi.python.org and create a self contained installation in `/opt/user/trac`.
     152
     153All commands (`tracd`, `trac-admin`) are available in `/opt/user/trac/bin`. This can also be leveraged for `mod_python` (using `PythonHandler` directive) and `mod_wsgi` (using `WSGIDaemonProcess` directive)
     154
     155Additionally, you can install several Trac plugins (listed [https://pypi.python.org/pypi?:action=browse&show=all&c=516 here]) through pip.
     156
     157=== From source
     158Using the python-typical setup at the top of the source directory also works. You can obtain the source for a .tar.gz or .zip file corresponding to a release (e.g. `Trac-1.0.tar.gz`) from the [trac:TracDownload] page, or you can get the source directly from the repository. See [trac:TracRepositories#OfficialSubversionrepository TracRepositories] for details.
     159
     160{{{#!sh
     161$ python ./setup.py install
     162}}}
     163
     164''You will need root permissions or equivalent for this step.''
     165
     166This will byte-compile the Python source code and install it as an .egg file or folder in the `site-packages` directory
     167of your Python installation. The .egg will also contain all other resources needed by standard Trac, such as `htdocs` and `templates`.
     168
     169If you install from source and want to make Trac available in other languages, make sure Babel is installed. Only then, perform the `install` (or simply redo the `install` once again afterwards if you realize Babel was not yet installed):
     170{{{#!sh
     171$ python ./setup.py install
     172}}}
     173Alternatively, you can run `bdist_egg` and copy the .egg from `dist/` to the place of your choice, or you can create a Windows installer (`bdist_wininst`).
     174
     175=== Using installer
     176
     177On Windows Trac can be installed using the exe installers available on the [trac:TracDownload] page. Installers are available for the 32 and 64 bit versions of Python. Make sure to use the installer that matches the architecture of your Python installation.
     178
     179=== Using package manager
     180
     181Trac may be available in the package repository for your platform. Note however, that the version provided by the package manager may not be the latest release.
     182
     183=== Advanced `easy_install` Options
     184
     185To install Trac to a custom location, or find out about other advanced installation options, run:
     186{{{#!sh
     187easy_install --help
     188}}}
     189
     190Also see [http://docs.python.org/2/install/index.html Installing Python Modules] for detailed information.
     191
     192Specifically, you might be interested in:
     193{{{#!sh
     194easy_install --prefix=/path/to/installdir
     195}}}
     196or, if installing Trac on a Mac OS X system:
     197{{{#!sh
     198easy_install --prefix=/usr/local --install-dir=/Library/Python/2.5/site-packages
     199}}}
     200Note: If installing on Mac OS X 10.6 running {{{ easy_install http://svn.edgewall.org/repos/trac/trunk }}} will install into {{{ /usr/local }}} and {{{ /Library/Python/2.5/site-packages }}} by default.
     201
     202The above will place your `tracd` and `trac-admin` commands into `/usr/local/bin` and will install the Trac libraries and dependencies into `/Library/Python/2.5/site-packages`, which is Apple's preferred location for third-party Python application installations.
     203
     204== Creating a Project Environment
     205
     206A [TracEnvironment Trac environment] is the backend where Trac stores information like wiki pages, tickets, reports, settings, etc. An environment is basically a directory that contains a human-readable [TracIni configuration file], and other files and directories.
     207
     208A new environment is created using [TracAdmin trac-admin]:
     209{{{#!sh
    229210$ trac-admin /path/to/myproject initenv
    230211}}}
     
    233214
    234215Using the default database connection string in particular will always work as long as you have SQLite installed.
    235 For the other [DatabaseBackend database backends] you should plan ahead and already have a database ready to use at this point.
    236 
    237 Since 0.12, Trac doesn't ask for a [TracEnvironment#SourceCodeRepository source code repository] anymore when creating an environment. Repositories can be [TracRepositoryAdmin added] afterward, or the version control support can be disabled completely if you don't need it.
     216For the other [trac:DatabaseBackend database backends] you should plan ahead and already have a database ready to use at this point.
     217
     218Since 0.12, Trac doesn't ask for a [TracEnvironment#SourceCodeRepository source code repository] anymore when creating an environment. Repositories can be [TracRepositoryAdmin added] afterwards, and support for specific version control systems is disabled by default.
    238219
    239220Also note that the values you specify here can be changed later by directly editing the [TracIni conf/trac.ini] configuration file.
    240221
     222{{{#!div style="border: 1pt dotted; margin: 1em"
     223**Filesystem Warning:** When selecting the location of your environment, make sure that the filesystem on which the environment directory resides supports sub-second timestamps (i.e. **not** `ext2` or `ext3` on Linux), as the modification time of the `conf/trac.ini` file will be monitored to decide whether an environment restart is needed or not. A too coarse-grained timestamp resolution may result in inconsistencies in Trac < 1.0.2. The best advice is to opt for a platform with sub-second timestamp resolution, regardless of the Trac version.
     224}}}
     225
    241226Finally, make sure the user account under which the web front-end runs will have '''write permissions''' to the environment directory and all the files inside. This will be the case if you run `trac-admin ... initenv` as this user. If not, you should set the correct user afterwards. For example on Linux, with the web server running as user `apache` and group `apache`, enter:
    242 {{{
    243 # chown -R apache.apache /path/to/myproject
    244 }}}
     227{{{#!sh
     228$ chown -R apache.apache /path/to/myproject
     229}}}
     230
     231The actual username and groupname of the apache server may not be exactly `apache`, and are specified in the Apache configuration file by the directives `User` and `Group` (if Apache `httpd` is what you use).
    245232
    246233{{{#!div class=important
     
    248235}}}
    249236
    250 
    251 == Running the Standalone Server ==
    252 
    253 After having created a Trac environment, you can easily try the web interface by running the standalone server [wiki:TracStandalone tracd]:
    254 {{{
     237== Deploying Trac
     238
     239=== Running the Standalone Server
     240
     241After having created a Trac environment, you can easily try the web interface by running the standalone server [TracStandalone tracd]:
     242{{{#!sh
    255243$ tracd --port 8000 /path/to/myproject
    256244}}}
    257245
    258246Then, fire up a browser and visit `http://localhost:8000/`. You should get a simple listing of all environments that `tracd` knows about. Follow the link to the environment you just created, and you should see Trac in action. If you only plan on managing a single project with Trac you can have the standalone server skip the environment list by starting it like this:
    259 {{{
     247{{{#!sh
    260248$ tracd -s --port 8000 /path/to/myproject
    261249}}}
    262250
    263 == Running Trac on a Web Server ==
    264 
    265 Trac provides various options for connecting to a "real" web server: [wiki:TracCgi CGI], [wiki:TracFastCgi FastCGI], [wiki:TracModWSGI mod_wsgi] and [wiki:TracModPython mod_python]. For decent performance, it is recommended that you use either FastCGI or mod_wsgi.
    266 
    267 Trac also supports [trac:TracOnWindowsIisAjp AJP] which may be your choice if you want to connect to IIS.
    268 
    269 ==== Generating the Trac cgi-bin directory ====
    270 
    271 In order for Trac to function properly with FastCGI you need to have a `trac.fcgi` file and for mod_wsgi a `trac.wsgi` file. These are Python scripts which load the appropriate Python code. They can be generated using the `deploy` option of [wiki:TracAdmin trac-admin].
    272 
    273 There is, however, a bit of a chicken-and-egg problem. The [wiki:TracAdmin trac-admin] command requires an existing environment to function, but complains if the deploy directory already exists. This is a problem, because environments are often stored in a subdirectory of the deploy. The solution is to do something like this:
    274 {{{
     251{{{#!div style="border: 1pt dotted; margin: 1em"
     252**Setuptools Warning:** If the version of your setuptools is in the range 5.4 through 5.6, the environment variable `PKG_RESOURCES_CACHE_ZIP_MANIFESTS` must be set in order to avoid significant performance degradation. The environment variable can be set system-wide, or for just the user that runs the `tracd` process. There are several ways to accomplish this in addition to what is discussed here, and depending on the distribution of your OS.
     253
     254To be effective system-wide a shell script with the `export` statement may be added to `/etc/profile.d`. To be effective for a user session the `export` statement may be added to `~/.profile`.
     255{{{#!sh
     256export PKG_RESOURCES_CACHE_ZIP_MANIFESTS=1
     257}}}
     258
     259Alternatively, the variable can be set in the shell before executing `tracd`:
     260{{{#!sh
     261$ PKG_RESOURCES_CACHE_ZIP_MANIFESTS=1 tracd --port 8000 /path/to/myproject
     262}}}
     263}}}
     264
     265=== Running Trac on a Web Server
     266
     267Trac provides various options for connecting to a "real" web server:
     268 - [TracFastCgi FastCGI]
     269 - [wiki:TracModWSGI mod_wsgi]
     270 - [TracModPython mod_python]
     271 - //[TracCgi CGI] (should not be used, as the performance is far from optimal)//
     272
     273Trac also supports [trac:TracOnWindowsIisAjp AJP] which may be your choice if you want to connect to IIS. Other deployment scenarios are possible: [trac:TracNginxRecipe nginx], [http://projects.unbit.it/uwsgi/wiki/Example#Traconapacheinasub-uri uwsgi], [trac:TracOnWindowsIisIsapi Isapi-wsgi] etc.
     274
     275==== Generating the Trac cgi-bin directory #cgi-bin
     276
     277In order for Trac to function properly with FastCGI you need to have a `trac.fcgi` file and for mod_wsgi a `trac.wsgi` file. These are Python scripts which load the appropriate Python code. They can be generated using the `deploy` option of [TracAdmin trac-admin].
     278
     279There is, however, a bit of a chicken-and-egg problem. The [TracAdmin trac-admin] command requires an existing environment to function, but complains if the deploy directory already exists. This is a problem, because environments are often stored in a subdirectory of the deploy. The solution is to do something like this:
     280{{{#!sh
    275281mkdir -p /usr/share/trac/projects/my-project
    276282trac-admin /usr/share/trac/projects/my-project initenv
     
    278284mv /tmp/deploy/* /usr/share/trac
    279285}}}
    280 
    281 ==== Setting up the Plugin Cache ====
    282 
    283 Some Python plugins need to be extracted to a cache directory. By default the cache resides in the home directory of the current user. When running Trac on a Web Server as a dedicated user (which is highly recommended) who has no home directory, this might prevent the plugins from starting. To override the cache location you can set the PYTHON_EGG_CACHE environment variable. Refer to your server documentation for detailed instructions on how to set environment variables.
    284 
    285 == Configuring Authentication ==
    286 
    287 The process of adding, removing, and configuring user accounts for authentication depends on the specific way you run Trac. The basic procedure is described in the [wiki:TracCgi#AddingAuthentication "Adding Authentication"] section on the TracCgi page. To learn how to setup authentication for the frontend you're using, please refer to one of the following pages:
    288 
    289  * TracStandalone if you use the standalone server, `tracd`.
    290  * TracCgi if you use the CGI or FastCGI web front ends.
    291  * [wiki:TracModWSGI] if you use the Apache mod_wsgi web front end.
    292  * TracModPython if you use the Apache mod_python web front end.
    293 
    294 
    295 == Automatic reference to the SVN changesets in Trac tickets ==
    296 
    297 You can configure SVN to automatically add a reference to the changeset into the ticket comments, whenever changes are committed to the repository. The description of the commit needs to contain one of the following formulas:
    298  * '''`Refs #123`''' - to reference this changeset in `#123` ticket
    299  * '''`Fixes #123`''' - to reference this changeset and close `#123` ticket with the default status ''fixed''
    300 
    301 This functionality requires a post-commit hook to be installed as described in [wiki:TracRepositoryAdmin#ExplicitSync TracRepositoryAdmin], and enabling the optional commit updater components by adding the following line to the `[components]` section of your [wiki:TracIni#components-section trac.ini], or enabling the components in the "Plugins" admin panel.
    302 {{{
    303 tracopt.ticket.commit_updater.* = enabled
    304 }}}
    305 For more information, see the documentation of the `CommitTicketUpdater` component in the "Plugins" admin panel.
    306 
    307 == Using Trac ==
     286Don't forget to check that the web server has the execution right on scripts in the `/usr/share/trac/cgi-bin` directory.
     287
     288==== Mapping Static Resources
     289
     290Out of the box, Trac will pass static resources such as style sheets or images through itself. For anything but a tracd only based deployment, this is far from optimal as the web server could be set up to directly serve those static resources (for CGI setup, this is '''highly undesirable''' and will cause abysmal performance).
     291
     292Web servers such as [http://httpd.apache.org/ Apache] allow you to create “Aliases” to resources, giving them a virtual URL that doesn't necessarily reflect the layout of the servers file system. We also can map requests for static resources directly to the directory on the file system, avoiding processing these requests by Trac itself.
     293
     294There are two primary URL paths for static resources - `/chrome/common` and `/chrome/site`. Plugins can add their own resources, usually accessible by `/chrome/<plugin>` path, so its important to override only known paths and not try to make universal `/chrome` alias for everything.
     295
     296Note that in order to get those static resources on the filesystem, you need first to extract the relevant resources from Trac using the [TracAdmin trac-admin]` <environment> deploy` command:
     297[[TracAdminHelp(deploy)]]
     298
     299The target `<directory>` will then contain an `htdocs` directory with:
     300 - `site/` - a copy of the environment's directory `htdocs/`
     301 - `common/` - the static resources of Trac itself
     302 - `<plugins>/` - one directory for each resource directory managed by the plugins enabled for this environment
     303
     304===== Example: Apache and `ScriptAlias` #ScriptAlias-example
     305
     306Assuming the deployment has been done this way:
     307{{{#!sh
     308$ trac-admin /var/trac/env deploy /path/to/shared/trac
     309}}}
     310
     311Add the following snippet to Apache configuration ''before'' the `ScriptAlias` or `WSGIScriptAlias` (which map all the other requests to the Trac application), changing paths to match your deployment:
     312{{{#!apache
     313Alias /trac/chrome/common /path/to/trac/htdocs/common
     314Alias /trac/chrome/site /path/to/trac/htdocs/site
     315
     316<Directory "/path/to/www/trac/htdocs">
     317  Order allow,deny
     318  Allow from all
     319</Directory>
     320}}}
     321
     322If using mod_python, you might want to add this too (otherwise, the alias will be ignored):
     323{{{#!apache
     324<Location "/trac/chrome/common/">
     325  SetHandler None
     326</Location>
     327}}}
     328
     329Note that we mapped `/trac` part of the URL to the `trac.*cgi` script, and the path `/trac/chrome/common` is the path you have to append to that location to intercept requests to the static resources.
     330
     331Similarly, if you have static resources in a project's `htdocs` directory (which is referenced by `/trac/chrome/site` URL in themes), you can configure Apache to serve those resources (again, put this ''before'' the `ScriptAlias` or `WSGIScriptAlias` for the .*cgi scripts, and adjust names and locations to match your installation):
     332{{{#!apache
     333Alias /trac/chrome/site /path/to/projectenv/htdocs
     334
     335<Directory "/path/to/projectenv/htdocs">
     336  Order allow,deny
     337  Allow from all
     338</Directory>
     339}}}
     340
     341Alternatively to aliasing `/trac/chrome/common`, you can tell Trac to generate direct links for those static resources (and only those), using the [[TracIni#trac-section| [trac] htdocs_location]] configuration setting:
     342{{{#!ini
     343[trac]
     344htdocs_location = http://static.example.org/trac-common/
     345}}}
     346Note that this makes it easy to have a dedicated domain serve those static resources (preferentially [http://code.google.com/speed/page-speed/docs/request.html#ServeFromCookielessDomain cookie-less]).
     347
     348Of course, you still need to make the Trac `htdocs/common` directory available through the web server at the specified URL, for example by copying (or linking) the directory into the document root of the web server:
     349{{{#!sh
     350$ ln -s /path/to/trac/htdocs/common /var/www/static.example.org/trac-common
     351}}}
     352
     353==== Setting up the Plugin Cache
     354
     355Some Python plugins need to be extracted to a cache directory. By default the cache resides in the home directory of the current user. When running Trac on a Web Server as a dedicated user (which is highly recommended) who has no home directory, this might prevent the plugins from starting. To override the cache location you can set the `PYTHON_EGG_CACHE` environment variable. Refer to your server documentation for detailed instructions on how to set environment variables.
     356
     357== Configuring Authentication
     358
     359Trac uses HTTP authentication. You'll need to configure your webserver to request authentication when the `.../login` URL is hit (the virtual path of the "login" button). Trac will automatically pick the `REMOTE_USER` variable up after you provide your credentials. Therefore, all user management goes through your web server configuration. Please consult the documentation of your web server for more info.
     360
     361The process of adding, removing, and configuring user accounts for authentication depends on the specific way you run Trac.
     362
     363Please refer to one of the following sections:
     364 * TracStandalone#UsingAuthentication if you use the standalone server, `tracd`.
     365 * [wiki:TracModWSGI#ConfiguringAuthentication TracModWSGI#ConfiguringAuthentication] if you use the Apache web server, with any of its front end: `mod_wsgi` of course, but the same instructions applies also for `mod_python`, `mod_fcgi` or `mod_fastcgi`.
     366 * TracFastCgi if you're using another web server with FCGI support (Cherokee, Lighttpd, !LiteSpeed, nginx)
     367
     368The following document also contains some useful information for beginners: [trac:TracAuthenticationIntroduction].
     369
     370== Granting admin rights to the admin user
     371Grant admin rights to user admin:
     372{{{#!sh
     373$ trac-admin /path/to/myproject permission add admin TRAC_ADMIN
     374}}}
     375This user will have an "Admin" entry menu that will allow you to administrate your Trac project.
     376
     377== Finishing the install
     378
     379=== Enable version control components
     380
     381Support for version control systems is provided by optional components in Trac and the components are disabled by default //(since 1.0)//. Subversion and Git must be explicitly enabled if you wish to use them. See TracRepositoryAdmin for more details.
     382
     383The version control systems are enabled by adding the following to the `[components]` section of your [TracIni#components-section trac.ini], or enabling the components in the "Plugins" admin panel.
     384
     385{{{#!ini
     386tracopt.versioncontrol.svn.* = enabled
     387}}}
     388
     389{{{#!ini
     390tracopt.versioncontrol.git.* = enabled
     391}}}
     392
     393After enabling the components, repositories can be configured through the //Repositories// admin panel or by editing [TracIni#repositories-section trac.ini]. Automatic changeset references can be inserted as ticket comments by configuring [TracRepositoryAdmin#Automaticchangesetreferencesintickets CommitTicketUpdater].
     394
     395=== Using Trac
    308396
    309397Once you have your Trac site up and running, you should be able to create tickets, view the timeline, browse your version control repository if configured, etc.
    310398
    311 Keep in mind that anonymous (not logged in) users can by default access most but not all of the features. You will need to configure authentication and grant additional [wiki:TracPermissions permissions] to authenticated users to see the full set of features.
     399Keep in mind that //anonymous// (not logged in) users can by default access only a few of the features, in particular they will have a read-only access to the resources. You will need to configure authentication and grant additional [TracPermissions permissions] to authenticated users to see the full set of features.
    312400
    313401'' Enjoy! ''
     
    316404
    317405----
    318 See also: [trac:TracInstallPlatforms TracInstallPlatforms], TracGuide, TracCgi, TracFastCgi, TracModPython, [wiki:TracModWSGI], TracUpgrade, TracPermissions
     406See also: [trac:TracInstallPlatforms TracInstallPlatforms], TracGuide, TracUpgrade, TracPermissions